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APA – Citing Sources

Quotations of material without page numbers

Quotations of Textual Works

Some sources do not include page numbers, such as websites and some ebooks. You then need to use other ways to show the reader where you found the quoted text. Use the way that makes it easiest for the reader to understand!

Provide a heading or section name

Example:

  • "After having had an agnatic (male) order of succession in Sweden, it was changed into an order of full cognatic succession from 1980" (Swedish Royal Court, n.d., Full cognatic succession).

If a heading is very long, you can abbreviate it.

Provide a paragraph number (count paragraphs if needed)

Example:

  • "After having had an agnatic (male) order of succession in Sweden, it was changed into an order of full cognatic succession from 1980" (Swedish Royal Court, n.d., para. 11).

Provide a heading or a section name and a paragraph number

Example:

  • "After having had an agnatic (male) order of succession in Sweden, it was changed into an order of full cognatic succession from 1980" (Swedish Royal Court, n.d., Full cognatic succession, para. 11).

Quotations of Audiovisual Works (e.g. audiobook, Podcast, YouTube)

Instead of a page number, provide a time stamp for the beginning of the quotation. 

Example: 

  • "Coming generations will be more affected by socio-economic factors" (Roberts, 2022, 15:20).

 

Read more about quotations of material without page numbers on APA Style: Direct Quotation of Material Without Page Numbers