In-text citation:

• (Obama, 2019)
• Obama (2019) writes about the economist Alan Krueger who . . .

Social media often includes emojis. Replicate emojis, if possible. If not, provide the emoji's name in square brackets, for example, "[face with tears of joy emoji]. The full list of emoji names can be found on the Unicodes Consortium's website.

In the reference list:

Author, A. A./organization/group. (year, month and day). Title [Status update]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/xxxx

Reference example:

Obama, B. [Barack Obama]. (2019, March 18). Over the weekend, America lost a brilliant economics, and many of us lost a dear friend [Status update]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/barackobama/photos/a.53081056748/10156563514811749/

In-text citation:

• (Jönköping University, n.d.)

In the reference list:

Author, A. A./organization/group. (n.d.). Home/Timeline/Photos/About [Facebook page]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/xxxx

Reference example:

Jönköping University. (n.d.). Home. [Facebook page]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/JonkopingUniversity/

In-text citation:

• (Jönköping University, 2020)
• Jönköping University (2020)...

Social media often includes emojis. Replicate emojis, if possible. If not, provide the emoji's name in square brackets, for example, "[face with tears of joy emoji]. The full list of emoji names can be found on the Unicodes Consortium's website.

In the reference list:

Author, A. A. [@username]. (year, month day). Content of the post up to the first 20 words. [Photographs]. Instagram. https://xxxx

Reference example:

Jönköping University [@jonkopinguni]. (2020, May 19). Den 12 maj är det internationella sjuksköterskedagen. [Photographs]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/CAFGyiEDc7W/

In-text citation: 

• (APA Style, 2019)

Social media often includes emojis. Replicate emojis, if possible. If not, provide the emoji's name in square brackets, for example, "[face with tears of joy emoji]. The full list of emoji names can be found on the Unicodes Consortium's website.

In the reference list:

Author, A. A./Name of group [@username]. (year, date). Content of the post up to the first 20 words. [Tweet]. Twitter. https://xxxx​

​Reference example:

APA Style [APA_Style]. (2019, March 7). Adverbs ending in "ly" are understood to modify the word that follows, so don't add a hyphen [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/APA_Style/status/1103727744012218368​

In-text citation:

TikTok video

• (Washington Post, 2019)
• Washington Post (2019)

TikTok profie

• (Oregon Zoo, n.d.)
• Oregon Zoo (n.d.)

In the reference list:

TikTok video

Author, A. A. [@TikTok username]. (Year, Month Day). Caption, use the first 20 words [Video]. TikTok. https://xxxxx

TikTok profile

Author, A. A. [@TikTok username]. (n.d). Text, use the first 20 words in the description [TikTok profile]. TikTok. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from https://xxxxx

Reference examples:

TikTok video

Washington Post [@washingtonpost]. (2019, December 3). News is all around us #frozen #newsroom #newspaper [Video]. TikTok. https://www.tiktok.com/@washingtonpost/video/6765886712896818437

TikTok profile

Oregon Zoo [@oregonzoo]. (n.d). A better future for wildlife. On TikTok. [TikTok profile]. TikTok. Retrieved January 31, 2022, from https://www.tiktok.com/@oregonzoo

In-text citation:

• (Gates, 2019)
• Gates (2019)

In the reference list:

Author, A. A. (year, month day). The first 20 words of the post [Post]. X. https://xxx

A URL, a hashtag or an emoji counts as one word.

Reference example:

Gates, B. [@BillGates]. (2019, September 7). Today, it’s difficult for researchers to diagnose #Alzheimers patients early enough to intervene. A reliable, easy and accurate diagnostic would [Thumbnail with link attached] [Post]. X. https://x.com/BillGates/status/1170305718425137152

If the post includes an image, a video, a poll, or a thumbnail image with a link, you indicate that in square brackets after the title (see example above).